https://toarcheio.org To Archeio project site Thu, 30 Apr 2020 15:31:06 +0000 en-GB hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=5.4.1 https://toarcheio.org/items/the-return-of-the-greek-patient-greece-and-the-2008-global-financial-crisis/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:07 +0000 http://arc.local/items/the-return-of-the-greek-patient-greece-and-the-2008-global-financial-crisis/ Continued]]> The 2008 financial crisis found the Greek economy in a position of fiscal vulnerability, given the large public debt, and structural weaknesses, demonstrated in a huge current account deficit. The banking system was relatively robust, but exposed to imported risks from the emerging Southeast European markets. The government adopted a ‘financial crisis reaction plan’. Its reaction affirmed long-lasting features of Greece’s ‘credit-based’, partly state-controlled financial system. Sectors most visibly affected by the crisis are housing construction, tourism, shipping and the small–medium enterprise sector. Paradoxically, some facets of relative underdevelopment of the Greek model of capitalism are serving to mitigate the intensity of the crisis.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/employment-policy-passing-the-stress-test/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:07 +0000 http://arc.local/items/employment-policy-passing-the-stress-test/ Continued]]> Employment policies worldwide are under severe stress to weather the impact of the global economic downturn, warranting government intervention through effective policies. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) study reveals that 28 countries surveyed have undertaken numerous initiatives to fill the gaps in the safety net for job losers and consolidate the assistance to assist the unemployed in finding new jobs. These countries have strengthened unemployment benefits or other forms of income support available to unemployed. Greece and Poland have raised the level of unemployment benefits paid, while Canada, Japan, and Portugal have expanded the maximum period during which benefits can be paid, with Finland and the US having opted to do both. The success of these policies will depend on the crisis and the effectiveness of other policies to end it. The OECD is coordinating closely with governments to watch changes in labor market conditions.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%86%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%82-%ce%b5%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%b3%cf%85%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%b5%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%86%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%82-%ce%b5%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%b3%cf%85%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%b5%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af/ Continued]]> Η εργασία του καθαρισμού, κοινωνικά απαξιωμένη και αποξενωμένη ως κατεξοχήν γυναικεία και μεταναστευτική εργασία, είναι το “προνομιακό” πεδίο της άτυπης και επισφαλούς μισθωτής εργασίας και όλων των διακριτικών της γνωρισμάτων: της σκληρής εκμετάλλευσης, της καταπάτησης της εργατικής νομοθεσίας και των ασφαλιστικών δικαιωμάτων, των εξευτελιστικών και συχνά πλασματικών αμοιβών, των αυθαίρετων εργοδοτικών πρακτικών.
Η δολοφονική επίθεση εναντίον της Κωνσταντίνας Κούνεβα έφερε στην επιφάνεια καίρια ζητήματα ενός νέου εργασιακού καθεστώτος που το κυριότερο χαρακτηριστικό του είναι η επισφάλεια. Ήρθε να υπενθυμίσει ότι οι ζωές των εργαζομένων στον κοινωνικά απαξιωμένο χώρο του καθαρισμού, και ειδικότερα στο χώρο του καθαρισμού με σχέση εργολαβίας, είναι αναλώσιμες.
Τα κείμενα της συλλογής διερευνούν τις ιστορικές καταβολές αλλά και τις σύγχρονες πολιτικές που ορίζουν ορισμένες μορφές απασχόλησης ως μη εργασία και αποκλείουν κατηγορίες εργαζομένων από κοινωνικά και εργασιακά δικαιώματα. Αναλύει τις νέες -ή όχι και τόσο νέες- μορφές βίαιης πειθάρχησης της εργασίας και των “ανυπάκουων” εργαζομένων, ιδιαίτερα του “ατίθασου” γυναικείου σώματος. Όλα αυτά τίθενται στο ιστορικό και κοινωνικό πλαίσιο των ειδικών χαρακτηριστικών της εργασίας του καθαρισμού είτε με σχέση εργολαβίας στο δημόσιο τομέα είτε με όρους ιδιοκτησίας στον οικιακό χώρο.
Η κοινωνική επαγρύπνηση και η συλλογική δράση είναι οι απαραίτητες προϋποθέσεις για την απόδοση δικαιοσύνης και τη ριζοσπαστικοποίηση της δυναμικής των δικαιωμάτων. Η έκδοση αποτελεί και μια διαμαρτυρία απέναντι σε τούτη την ιδιότυπη λογοκρισία: στη συστηματική απάλειψη από το δημόσιο λόγο του γεγονότος της επίθεσης, και των συνθηκών που την παρήγαγαν και την επέτρεψαν.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/new-facets-of-urban-segregation-in-southern-europe-gender-migration-and-social-class-change-in-athens/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/new-facets-of-urban-segregation-in-southern-europe-gender-migration-and-social-class-change-in-athens/ Continued]]> This article explores how primary features of occupational restructuring, such as the feminization of employment and migration, and changes in patterns of residential mobility of Greek and migrant women since the 1990s have contributed to shaping new forms of sociospatial segregation in Athens.We examine changes in the occupational structure and in segregation indices from 1991 to 2001. Findings suggest that new gender and ethnic divisions in the occupational structure combine with residential
mobility and introduce strong tendencies towards spatial fragmentation. Intra-urban and migratory flows reflect diversified occupational trajectories among women and contribute to shaping the socioeconomic profile of the destination areas: (a) migrant domestic and unskilled service workers locate to central city and suburban areas; (b)Greek managers and professionals, move to ‘upper-class suburbs’; (c) small Greek entrepreneurs and independent workers sprawl to peri-urban areas; (d) salespersons and clerks move to inner suburban areas.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/unhooding-a-rebellion-the-december-2008-events-in-athens/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/unhooding-a-rebellion-the-december-2008-events-in-athens/ Continued]]> This essay is a personally and politically implicated account of the December 2008 youth uprising in Greece, by an academic who, along with a group of her colleagues, participated actively in “street action” and followed closely the discourses articulated around it, struggling to make the events intelligible to themselves and debating the main issues that this rebellion raised: the absence of political claims and the production of violence against material symbols of the current regime of power. It is an attempt to make sense of the “events” while they were still resonant with the puzzlement, predicament, and ambivalence of the moment. It is also part of the effort by a section of Greek intellectuals of radical and leftist background to oppose the attempt by dominant political forces and social science to classify these events as a moment of disorder produced by small groups of troublemakers to be repressed and condemned to oblivion. It is part of the effort to provide a witness for them, instead, as a rebellion, as a story telling us something about Greek youth, politics, and society that must be listened to, understood, and interpreted, and as an “event” creating new potentialities in Greek political processes that remain to be revealed.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%86%cf%8d%ce%bb%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bc%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%ac%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b5%cf%85%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%86%cf%8d%ce%bb%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bc%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b1%ce%bd%ce%ac%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b5%cf%85%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82/ Continued]]> Σε μια εποχή όπου η συζήτηση για τη μετανάστευση έχει ενταθεί σε όλες τις ευρωπαϊκές χώρες, ο συλλογικός αυτός τόμος συγκεντρώνει θεωρητικές αναλύσεις και εμπειρικές διερευνήσεις που ρίχνουν φως σε πλευρές της καθημερινής ζωής των μεταναστριών (κατά κύριο λόγο έμμισθες οικιακές εργαζόμενες) στην Ελλάδα σήμερα, καθώς και σε πτυχές των δημόσιων πολιτικών και του πολιτικού λόγου για τη μετανάστευση γενικότερα. Η σχεδόν αποκλειστική επικέντρωση στην οικιακή εργασία συνδέεται με την εξέχουσα θέση της στην ανάλυση των σύγχρονων καθεστώτων ευημερίας, καθώς και των σύγχρονων σχέσεων φύλου. Αναλύονται οι θεωρητικές προσεγγίσεις της μετανάστευσης τα τελευταία 25 χρόνια από την οπτική του φύλου, παρατίθενται οι καθημερινές εμπειρίες και πρακτικές των μεταναστριών, δίνονται οι έμφυλες διαστάσεις του μεταναστευτικού και αντιρατσιστικού κινήματος στην Ελλάδα, ενώ εξετάζονται και οι πολιτικές της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης για τη μετανάστευση, για το άσυλο και για την κοινωνική ένταξη.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/the-return-of-street-politics-essays-on-the-december-riots-in-greece/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/the-return-of-street-politics-essays-on-the-december-riots-in-greece/ Continued]]> In December 2008, following the shooting of teenager Alexis Grigoropoulos, a wave of demonstrations and violent protest rocked Athens and quickly spread to other Greek cities. The initial demonstrations and outbreak of violence were directly linked to the death of the high school youth and were aimed against alleged police incompetence and brutality. The scope of the movement soon broadened to encompass protest against youth unemployment, social inequality, corruption, state inadequacy, higher education reforms and other perceived grievances. The decision to police the demonstration and violent protest in a ‘hands off ‘ manner exacerbated the impact of the events and allowed free rein to vandals and looters. The ‘December events’, and especially the scale of the violence, took many by surprise. Initial reactions and analyses struggled to explain the scope and timing of the events. The causes and consequences of the December riots in Greece need to be properly understood in Greece’s domestic and international context. As a way of initiating a broad and open discussion, the Hellenic Observatory of LSE has commissioned a series of short papers from a range of scholars, analysts and commentators. These papers published here offer a wide range of explanations and diverse interpretations of the cause of the riots and their impact. We hope that these papers will open a coherent, longer-term discussion on the events, which could have an impact on policy and allow us to tackle some key problems in contemporary Greek society.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/secularism-in-context-the-relations-between-the-greek-state-and-the-church-of-greece-in-crisis/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/secularism-in-context-the-relations-between-the-greek-state-and-the-church-of-greece-in-crisis/ Continued]]> The present article addresses the question of secularism in Greece. It discusses the prevalent modernist and civilisationist explanations of the recent crisis in state-church relations in Greece. Based on the idea that there is neither a single route to, nor a single pattern of, modernity and secularism, the article argues that the entanglement between state and church in modern Greece does not necessarily indicate either incomplete modernity or incomplete secularism. The paper emphasises both the structural weakness of the Orthodox Church in the modern Greek state and the secularisation of the church’s ideology as core dimensions of the particular pattern of secularism in this country. The recent crisis is interpreted as a result of the twofold challenge of democratisation and globalisation that this historically grown pattern of secularism is facing over the last decades. Further, the article seeks to demonstrate that the nationalist stance of the Church of Greece should not be seen as persistent blind traditionalism and anti-modernism.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/the-december-2008-riots-in-greece/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/the-december-2008-riots-in-greece/ Continued]]> This paper offers a short overview of the civil unrest that marked December 2008 in Greece. It starts with a short detection exercise on the causes of the rioting and culminates in a more inclusive ascription of cause. It then deals with some recurring characteristics of youth protest politics in Greece by singling out and focusing on three interrelated nodal points: the legacy of Athens Polytechnic, school pupils’ mobilizations, and the anarchist movement. This way, a memetic explanation is advanced. The paper concludes by suggesting that our understanding of similar episodes, which are very likely to take in different national settings globally in light of the global economic crisis, has very much to gain by an appraisal of nation-specific legacies of popular resistance.

]]> https://toarcheio.org/items/the-roots-of-the-global-financial-crisis/ Tue, 16 Apr 2019 22:25:06 +0000 http://arc.local/items/the-roots-of-the-global-financial-crisis/